In the news: Feb. 25

More on football coach compensation. Chris Isidore of CNNMoney.com produced an insightful article on the broader issues surrounding Tommy Tuberville’s salary increase at Texas Tech:

College coaches’ fat paychecks stir controversy (CNNMoney.com)

The story provides a more reasoned discussion than the headline suggests. It explains the rationale behind the adjustment and also considers the degree to which the coaches’ market is inflated.

Isidore’s analysis is fine, but it led me to an odd article from Smith economist Andrew Zimbalist.

Isidore quoted Zimbalist from an August commentary in the Harvard Business Review: “Higher salaries do not correlate with higher performance or revenues in athletics, never mind with a strengthening of the educational mission of the institutions.”

Fair enough, but then again, everybody knows the problem. What’s his solution?

To solve the problem of ever-increasing salaries, Zimbalist recommended a salary cap. I was intrigued by how he might position that argument, so I visited the Harvard Business Review to get the full explanation.

Here’s what he said:

“A salary cap would meet with fierce resistance from the NCAA, of course. The NCAA has long functioned as a sort of trade association for coaches, athletic directors and conference commissioners. Why would they want to cap themselves?”

That is an incredibly odd statement.

First, Zimbalist overlooks the fact that college presidents sit at the top of the NCAA structure. Zimbalist may see them as part of his NCAA conspiracy, but my personal view is that they would be thrilled if somebody could wave a magic wand and enable them to control coaches’ salaries.

There’s also the matter of history. Zimbalist certainly must be aware that the NCAA did attempt to cap salaries once by limiting the level of pay for entry-level basketball coaches in the mid-1990s. That legislation was considered antitrust and ended up costing the Association $54 million.

Zimbalist acknowledged that his proposal might raise antitrust concerns but glossed over that by saying Congress or the Justice Department surely would grant an exemption, if only the right people would ask.

My crystal ball isn’t that finely tuned as Zimbalist’s, so I struggle with how readily that antitrust exemption request would be granted. But I do have a question. If the answer is that obvious, why do Congress and the Justice Department have to wait for anybody to ask?

 Anger management needed. Conference USA Commissioner Britton Banowsky reprimanded UTEP coach Tim Floyd Thursday after Floyd had to be escorted off the court by a police officer after being ejected.

Commissioner reprimands Tim Floyd (The Associated Press; accompanied by video)

Holy Family coach resigns. Holy Family men’s basketball coach John O’Connor resigned Thursday after a week of national publicity resulting from his shove of former player Matt Kravchuk.

John O’Connor resigns from Holy Family (The Associated Press)

Before the resignation, O’Connor and Kravchuk met face-to-face on “Good Morning, America.”

Ugly altercation between coach, player leads to tense TV apology (Yahoo Sports)

“Matt, this was an accident. I was just trying to make us a better team and make us more competitive and in doing so an accident happened. It was unintentional by me and I’m really sorry that it happened,” O’Connor said.

Said Kravchuk: “To be honest, it’s kind of hard to accept your apology just because you claim it’s justified and you claim you weren’t crossing the line. I came to Holy Family to play basketball and now I’m injured and I can’t play. And I can’t play for you anymore because as your player I’m supposed to be able to respect you but I don’t feel I can do that anymore.”

International players in college tennis. You wouldn’t necessarily expect the British Broadcasting Corporation to look at the influx of international players in college tennis, but that’s what it did in a report released Thursday.

Debate over foreign players in US college tennis (BBC News)

The report isn’t pro or con. Rather, it lays out the perspectives of a sampler of individuals affiliated with college tennis.

In the news: Feb. 24

 Emmert: No pay-for-play. Of all the messages that NCAA President Mark Emmert has advanced since becoming NCAA president last year, the one he has hammered on the most is that student-athletes shouldn’t be paid.

He made the same point Wednesday at a meeting of writers in Los Angeles:

Emmert: No compensation for student-athletes (The Associated Press)

It’s surprising that journalists keep asking the question because Emmert certainly hasn’t equivocated since taking office last October.

Here’s what he said in January:

“We are never going to pay (athletes) for playing sports. In the vast majority of circumstances, universities are providing opportunities for students. Student-athletes get the best coaching, athletic training and facilities available. There is no place to get the kind of athletic experience other than at an American university.”

And in December:

“We can never move to a place where we are paying players to play sports for us. … There are 14 schools in the U.S. that broke even in their athletic programs last year. Every other one of them put significant to dramatic amounts of money into their sports programs to support their student-athletes. That young man or woman you’re talking about was able to gain benefit from the best coaching staff, the best facilities, the best trainers, the best educational environment anybody can get anywhere in the world. OK, so the university generates some revenue to help support that effort. I don’t have a problem with that.”

Emmert really does seem clear on this point.

Body-image questions for male athletes? Libby Sander of the Chronicle of Higher Education developed a good story in this week’s Chronicle of Higher Education.

Do male athletes have body-image problems? (Chronicle of Higher Education)

Image problems and associated eating disorders traditionally have been considered a female issue, but University of North Texas researcher Justine Chatterton challenged the notion.

“I saw that as perpetuating a stereotype,” said Chatterton, who added that by continuing to study only female athletes, researchers could be ignoring red flags among male athletes. She also said that unhealthy behaviors tied to body image might not be a problem with men, but that there’s no way to know without research.

Her study is funded by an NCAA grant. Data will be collected through May and then analyzed over the summer. A report is expected by fall.

The Competitive Advantage of Compliance

Quite a few people were angry last December when Ohio State used an obscure, almost never-before-seen procedure to get six football student-athletes reinstated for the Sugar Bowl. This article is not about the wisdom of that decision, the implications of Ohio State’s defense, or the value of the rule itself. My question is what is the implication of Ohio State finding this rule.

Backroom Dealing

Because most Americans are more familiar with the American court system than any other system of adjudication, the American court system is often the yardstick for the fairness of a process. That system is an adversarial system where an impartial judge oversees the efforts to two parties to present evidence that their side of the case is true. Essential to this is a general ban on ex parte communications, when the judge talks to one party without the other party present.

So when it appears that the adjudicator of a case has taken a more active role in discovering or presenting evidence for one side or the other, or that one party has presented evidence outside of the normal process, the charges of unfairness, corruption, or general “backroom deals” come quick. But the NCAA’s process of student-athlete reinstatement is not the same as the American court system.

As a case is developed, be it an enforcement case, waiver case, or student-athlete reinstatement case, the institution is often in constant communication with the NCAA. However much a school talks to NCAA staff members during any complicated, controversial, and/or time-sensitive case, the school would like to talk more frequently. As a result, when the case is finally delivered to the NCAA in its final form, the NCAA knows what’s in it and in some cases the school knows what the outcome is likely to be.

It’s easy to see then why compliance officers were among those angered (subscription req’d) by the Ohio State decision. One of two things happened in the case. On the one hand, maybe someone at the NCAA pointed out or suggested a hard-to-find exception. That leads to charges of favoritism and places on the NCAA a burden to show that any school would receive similar assistance in developing their case.

On the other hand, maybe Ohio State, with one of the nation’s largest compliance staffs, was able to devote more time and resources to the case than other schools would be able to, leading to a better result. It’s this possibility that raises the more important and interesting questions though for the NCAA and its members.

Lawyer Up

Arms races abound in college athletics. There’s a recruiting arms race, building the most lavish facilities, having the nicest charter jets and striking the best apparel deals to attract the most talented prospects. There’s an academic arms race, where the goal is to prevent APR penalties and allow coaches greater freedom in recruiting. There also appears to be a revenue arms race, a frantic sprint to develop more and bigger sources of revenue to support the other arms races.

Compliance is one the verge of becoming the subject of the next college athletics arms race. But it will not be the threat of major violations and painful sanctions that drives it. Like all arms races in college athletics, winning will drive this one as well.

A larger compliance staff prevents more violations, which helps you competitively by allowing coaches to always stay at the maximum allowable limit of whatever activity they’re doing. It means better waivers, stronger enforcement defenses, and faster reinstatement cases. It allows for more in-depth research into interpretations to allow coaches to get to their desired result, or at least as close as you can come.

All of this costs money. Salaries, facilities, software, etc. While even the most expensive compliance office is a small fraction of the most expensive sport programs, there’s still the risk of creating haves and have-nots. At stake here though isn’t just who has a nicer weight room or cooler shoes. At stake are more fundamental things like who is eligible to play.

Limits on Being Good

One of the last things you’ll ever see in the NCAA Manual is a section of Bylaw 11 limiting the number of compliance staff a school can hire. How could the NCAA possibly tell schools to run increasingly effective compliance programs (demanded by certification) while at the same time limiting their ability to spend money on that effort?

The best defense against an unacceptable level of competitive inequity between schools is the backroom dealing railed against by fans and compliance officers alike. Possibly the only way the NCAA could ensure a degree of fairness in this area is for the national office to take a more active role in cases, lest outcomes in cases be determined based on the ability of a school to hire a large staff and the ability to pay them well and provide them with the best tools.

It will be necessary though for the NCAA to get out of the uncanny valley of transparency the Association is currently navigating. More information would be needed, be it more updates on cases and investigations or the rather extreme measure of opening up the secondary infractions database to the public. Otherwise the level of scrutiny and criticism the NCAA is receiving right now will look like a parade in its honor by comparison.

The goal is not to eliminate the “backroom dealing.” That just places a greater emphasis on acquiring the necessary tools to navigate or even game a rigid and unhelpful bureaucracy. Rather, the goal is to do as much of the dealing in the front room, where everyone can see it and hopefully everyone can learn enough to need a little less of it as time goes on.

About John Infante

The opinions expressed on this blog are the author’s and the author’s alone, and are not endorsed by the NCAA or any NCAA member institution or conference. This blog is not a substitute for a compliance office. If you’re a coach, do not attempt to contact the author looking for a second opinion. If you’re a parent, don’t attempt to contact the author looking for a first opinion. Compliance professionals are by their nature helpful people generally dedicated to getting to the truth. Coaches should have a bit of faith in their own, and parents should talk to one directly.

In the News: Feb. 22

Baseball pioneer. Former Springfield assistant baseball coach Justine Siegal made a little history this week when she threw batting practice for the Cleveland Indians.

Straight down the middle, the long way (New York Times)

In doing so, she apparently became the first woman to throw batting practice to a big-league team.

Breaking baseball barriers is nothing new for Siegal. She was profiled a couple of years ago in NCAA Champion magazine when she was believed to be the only woman serving as a college baseball assistant coach.

The day-to-day progress for women athletes over the last 40 years has been slow, but stories like this make you appreciate that the advances are real. Women nowadays have more opportunities than ever before, and they are turning those opportunities into better performance.

If you don’t believe that, just ask the Cleveland Indians.

“She did great,” backup catcher Paul Phillips told the Times. “She would have fit right in if you had not seen her ponytails.”

Where’s the line? Holy Family men’s basketball coach John O’Connor was suspended after a video surfaced of him shoving a player in practice.

D-II coach suspended after video of incident with player at practice surfaces (USA Today)

The video, which is imbedded in the USA Today story, shows the coach shoving a player to the floor in anger and then kicking at him while the player was on the floor.

O’Connor is heard to say: “Got a little (expletive) blood on ya? Good!”

No doubt this will ignite discussion about what’s acceptable when it comes to motivating athletes. It looks to me like it crosses the line into unacceptability, but I know plenty of people out there will say that the hub-bub over the video reveals the wussification of America.

One question that probably won’t get asked much is whether such outbursts actually lead to better performance. It’s hard to believe that they do.

Big raise raises eyebrows. Some faculty members at Texas Tech are angry after hearing that football coach Tommy Tuberville will get a $500,000 raise.

Tuberville’s $500K raise annoys Texas Tech faculty (The Associated Press)

Whether Tuberville deserved the raise or not, you can understand the faculty’s frustration – at Tech and wherever else this scenario plays out. The story notes that the state has cut Texas Tech’s funding by 8 percent and that more cuts are possible; in response, officials killed $3 million in faculty raises this year.

“(There’s) a question of the symbolism of what this says about the university’s priorities,” John Curtis, director of research and public policy for the American Association of University Professors, told the Lubbock Avalanche-Journal.

“If you’re at a time of cutting academic programs or freezing or cutting salaries for faculty and other employees, and you have a raise for the football coach − even if the money is there − it sends a completely wrong signal about where the priorities of the university are.”

There’s nothing easy about the question. Institutions like Texas Tech have all sorts of money invested in their athletics programs and, by extension, their football programs. But difficult economic times are going to shine a bright and steady light on these kinds of concerns.

Maybe it’s time to repair some collective fences. 

Agent to the rescue.  Super-agent Scott Boras wouldn’t be at the top of most lists to fix the problems of college athletics, and he showed why in a story last week in the Macon (Georgia) Telegraph.

Boras’ ideas for fixing NCAA issue have merit (Macon Telegraph)

“For me, the NCAA is not the governing body that is best capable of administrating the business of college sports,” said Boras, who was speaking at Georgia Tech’s preseason baseball benefit. “There has to be a legislative enactment. There has to be Congressional and or federal policies whereby this process — which is a multi-billion dollar industry — is governed through a committee modernly.

“We can’t live with antiquated rules.”

After a while, he gets to his main point: “The reason why I say federal legislation is because we’ve got to bring this to an understanding where we’re talking about the labor force. Much like the person working in the cafeteria where state labor laws apply to them and federal labor laws, the same thing has to apply to these athletes.

“There has to be a factor melded into it that this is generating millions of dollars and we need policies that will allow for stipends to be given to the athletes like other financial aid recipients get from their jobs. Just give them those same rights.”

Boras’ pitch is impassioned, but the question is whether student-athletes are in fact a labor force. Plenty of perfectly reasonable people believe they are students, not employees.

In the news: Feb. 21

Tark attack. Former ULNV basketball  coach Jerry Tarkanian was back in the news last week, appearing at a screening of an HBO documentary entitled “Runnin’ Rebels of UNLV.”

HBO’s ‘Runnin’ Rebels of UNLV’ effectively captures a moment in time (Las Vegas Sun)

Tarkanian still can’t shake bitterness toward NCAA (The Associated Press)

From the AP article: “Nobody knows what it’s like when you buck the NCAA,” Tarkanian said. “I’m still bitter to them today.”

Tarkanian is entitled to his opinion, but the tone of Tim Dahlberg’s piece seems about right: Tark needs to move on.

One clarification of a Tarkanian remark from last week: He erred in his description of the outcome of his lawsuit against the NCAA (“That was nice, winning the lawsuit,” he said. “The amazing thing is we got beat up in the press all the time and then when we won hardly anything was written about it.”). In fact, Tarkanian received $2.5 million in a settlement.

Meyer’s outburst: Justified or self-serving? Jon Solomon of the Birmingham News took on Urban Meyer on Monday, citing how Meyer has changed perspectives since he left the sidelines as Florida’s football coach.

Urban Meyer makes valid but hollow complaints of NCAA (Birmingham News)

Meyer’s side (from a radio interview last week): “What I’ve seen the last five years is a complete turn in the integrity of the college coaching profession. It’s completely turned the other way. Maybe I wasn’t exposed to it because I was in the profession. Right now, it’s not good because the risk-reward is ‘Have at it, do what you’ve got to do to get the great player, go win games and at the end of the day we’ll find out what happens down the road.’…

“There’s a reason why people don’t rob banks. The risk-reward is you’re going to jail. Right now, if you commit — they call them secondary violations, which is comical; they’re not secondary — if you commit a secondary violation, it’s a slap on the hand.”

Solomon’s side: “What are the odds an SEC football coach gets sat down for a secondary violation? How much money will an SEC school spend to lawyer up and defend its coach?

“So is Meyer saying he supports suspending coaches for secondary violations? And if so, has he been totally clean in his career while stockpiling talent?

“Then there’s this. Presumably some coaches could believe Meyer, who had approximately 30 players arrested in six years at Florida, gained a competitive advantage by sticking with many of them. Is it worse to break one of society’s rules or one of the NCAA’s rules?

“Meyer is entitled to his opinions. To be an effective ESPN analyst, he must speak candidly about issues he felt compelled to stay silent about as a coach.

“It just rings hollow to find his voice only now.”

Branches of the trees. USA Today’s Mike Lopresti nailed it last week when he said the poisoning of two large oak trees at Auburn was an extrapolation of the behavioral excesses surrounding big-time college football.

Poisoning of Auburn trees is sign of times in college sports (Mike Lopresti, USA Today)

“The foolishness sometimes leaks out in other ways,” Lopresti wrote. “Language in the stands that is bluer than the Pacific. Booing teenagers. Behavior that would make a prison guard cringe…

“This time, the oak trees. Next time, what? Let’s be clear. Most fans − including most SEC and Alabama fans − do not carry on so, and no one has done something like this before. Then again, the misplaced perspective that sends a fan after a tree is not entirely different from whatever malignant force drives coaches to cheat. They are all polluters, some just more toxic than others. They are all signs of a lost grip on what college football is supposed to be.”

 On a more positive note…Let’s exit with the comments of Herman Berliner, provost and senior vice president for academic affairs at Hofstra.

Athletic success (Herman Berliner, Inside Higher Ed)

Wrote Dr. Berliner: “Thanks to the efforts of the NCAA,  thanks to a more student centered philosophy of education, thanks to a new breed of coaches, thanks to a world where stereotyping is less the norm, we now find much greater collaboration and cooperation between academics and athletics.”

Thanks for the reminder, Dr. Berliner. Sometimes it’s easy to get stuck in the muck.

Week in review: Feb. 14-18

NCAA regulations can be complicated and sometimes confusing, but mass media sometimes make circumstances appear worse than they are.

Why not leave a happy story alone? Twice in the last month, reporters have assumed that NCAA regulations were just waiting to step on acts of humanity.

The first involved the tragic case of Kansas basketball player Thomas Robinson, whose young mother died unexpectedly. Several newspapers and bloggers assumed that NCAA rules would interfere with the establishment of a memorial fund or with teammates attending the funeral.

The rules didn’t interfere, which somehow was considered news.

Then last week, there was the wonderful story of Wake Forest baseball coach Tom Walter, who donated a kidney to team member Kevin Jordan. Again, a number of writers − including Chad Conant of the Mansfield, Ohio, paper − assumed that the NCAA would somehow find that a rule had been violated.

Wake Forest baseball coach is an example of good in college sports [Mansfield (Ohio) News Journal]

Wrote Conant: “Before anything good could happen, the folks at Wake Forest had to check with the most backward, nonsensical organization in sports to find out if it would be a rules violation. Even the NCAA was OK with it.

Then nine paragraphs later: “The part of the Wake Forest story that would make me laugh if it wasn’t so nauseating is the school had to verify that donating a kidney so a 19-year-old can live again wasn’t seen by the NCAA as an extra benefit.”

Then there was this headline from the online International Business Times: College Baseball Coach Donates Kidney To Player; Commits NCAA Violation? (UPDATE: No Violation).

There were other examples, but you get the idea.

Whenever the NCAA makes a boneheaded mistake, and it does from time to time, then everybody should feel free to unload. But people need to pay attention to the sequence: Complaints should be preceded by an actual NCAA foul-up. A theoretical foul-up doesn’t count.

Eligibility Center of attention. The United States Sports Academy, supposedly a place that furthers understanding about college athletics issues, hammered a foul ball into the cheap seats this week with a blog post about the NCAA Eligibility Center.

The NCAA Eligibility Center: The most important group you’ve never heard about (Greg Tyler, The Sports Digest)

The post includes erroneous information, including the previous name of the Eligibility Center, when the name was changed, how many people work at the Eligibility Center and which athletes must be certified. Also, the writer’s citation of undue delays completely ignores whether material relevant to certification has been provided or whether facts that could affect certification have been agreed upon.

As for whether the Eligibility Center generates positive publicity, that’s really not the organization’s purpose. For what it’s worth, the overwhelming majority of prospects pass through the certification system quickly and without incident.

If you’re interested in learning more about the initial-eligibility certification, here’s an excellent series of articles by the NCAA’s Michelle Hosick:

NCAA Eligibility Center up to the task (NCAA.org)

NCAA amateurism certification a snap for most, but cases can be complex (NCAA.org)

International prospective student-athletes pose challenges (NCAA.org)

Academic certification ensures equity (NCAA.org)

Tech tock. Is the clock winding down on one of the most publicized losing streaks in college sports?

If you’re not already aware, Caltech has lost every men’s basketball conference game since 1985. The topic is periodically revisited in the media, but this time the stories that appeared in the Chronicle of Higher Education were a little less about futility and a bit more about hope (sort of). The Beavers, it turns out, have gotten good enough that they might actually break their streak. Rivals are concerned enough to worry about the embarrassment of being the opponent that actually loses to Caltech.

After 25 years of losses, Caltech’s basketball instills fear in presidents’ hearts (Lawrence Biemiller, Chronicle of Higher Education)

After 300-plus losses, this team makes opponents nervous (Chronicle of Higher Education)

It’s hard for writers to resist playing with a 25-year losing streak, but Caltech raises a serious question: Has an athletics program ever been more comfortable in its own skin? Caltech is clearly in the business of building the world’s best scientists and mathematicians; top-ranked sports teams are not even the smallest priority. But in the face of the biggest losing streak ever, the leadership at one of the world’s greatest universities has continued to support the intercollegiate athletics program, presumably because of the value it provides for the participants.

In January, NCAA Champion magazine featured a cover story on Caltech women’s basketball player Teri Juarez. We’ve been doing the magazine for three years now, and never has a cover resonated with so many people. People in Teri’s hometown of El Paso were bursting with pride, but they were nothing compared to the folks at Caltech.

Here’s what her coach, Sandra Marbut, wrote to Champion editor Gary Brown:

“Everyone on our campus is talking about it…such a thrill in our little corner of the world.  It is so exciting to have people thinking about us. They say 90% of the PR a campus gets is about athletics in the rest of the collegiate world. We are completely the opposite, so it is fun to have our little moment. I’ve had all five Nobel prize winners on campus congratulate us…that doesn’t happen in many places does it?!

“I have to tell you a quick story. Teri’s phone rang today. It was one of her high school friends who happened to be walking through the library at UTEP. Something caught her eye, she glanced over, did a double take realizing that she knew the person on the front of that magazine!  She called Teri, screaming into the phone…you are on a magazine, you are on a magazine in our library. Teri’s phone has been ringing off the hook and she hasn’t stopped smiling all day.  She is one proud Texan, Latina, Teacher, and young woman.”

Like the men, the Caltech women don’t win many basketball games. No doubt Teri would be thrilled with an occasional victory, but if her athletics experience permits her to develop lifetime friendships, learn from the value of competition and acquire one of the world’s best engineering educations, does it really matter if her team beats Whittier?

Let’s draw from the immortal words of coach Norman Dale: “If you put your effort and concentration into playing to your potential, to be the best that you can be, I don’t care what the scoreboard says at the end of the game, in my book we’re gonna be winners.”

Go get ’em, Beavers!

Emmert meets the press. The Associated Press Sports Editors got the opportunity to query NCAA President Mark Emmert on a range of issues last week in Indianapolis.

Mark Emmert: Transparency is vital (The Associated Press)

In addition to pitching for more transparency and greater understanding regarding NCAA eligibility and enforcement processes, Emmert made clear one more time that he plans no discussions surrounding pay-for-play.

“No, it will not happen − not while I’m president of the NCAA,” Emmert said. “I don’t like that idea, I loathe that idea. I can think of all kinds of compelling reasons why not to do it. I can’t think of a compelling reason why to do it. . . . There’s a constant discussion that we ought to stop pretending that student-athletes are amateurs, that they’re really professionals, that they ought to be paid. I understand that perspective, but I just profoundly disagree with it.”

Give football the boot? Steven Salzberg, writing in Forbes, took an admittedly quixotic position in a recent issue of Forbes when he appealed for higher education to punt on football.

Get football out of our universities (Steven Salzberg)

Here’s Salzberg’s thesis: “I’ve watched over the years as football has taken an ever-more prominent role in our high schools and colleges, as football coaches have been paid ever-higher salaries, and as football staffs and stadiums have been super-sized. All of this effort goes to the care and feeding of a very small number of (exclusively) male students, most of whom get a poor education and almost none of whom succeed as professional players. Our universities are providing a free training ground for the super-wealthy owners of professional football teams, while getting little in return.”

His leap is dramatic – that college football threatens the U.S. position as the world’s technological and scientific leader.

That’s a tremendously hyperbolic premise, but Salzberg is likely writing for effect. Putting aside the natural impulse to reject the column out of hand, it might be good to consider a softer version of his question: How do you begin a discussion about proper limits for big-time football? Is there a point at which the sport will not be able to bear the load being placed upon it?

Less protection equals more? The New York Times’ Alan Schwartz took a good look at the complicated question of whether helmets can actually make a sport less safe. His examination involved women’s lacrosse, although he extrapolated the premise to football and other sports.

A case against helmets in lacrosse (New York Times)

“Hockey safety experts question if helmets foster more physical play,” Schwartz wrote. “Football looks back and wonders whether big face masks encouraged a recklessness that can lead to long-term brain damage.

“Now at its own crossroad, women’s lacrosse — with 250,000 playing nationwide — wants to take the road less battered. And so begins the second stage of sports’ continuing parry with head injuries — in which the best protection, many experts insist, is no protection at all.”

Schwartz notes how firmly many in the women’s lacrosse community hold that belief, but he also cites safety authorities who claim that any sport should provide as much protection as possible.

It’s a good discussion. You’ll be more informed for having read the story.

Get a grip. What can you say about the Alabama fan charged with poisoning two 130-year-old oak trees where Auburn fans gather to celebrate?

Arrest made in Toomer’s Corner incident (ESPN)

Some things just leave you speechless.

Draft Rules Fail Basics of Amateurism

Two things that happened over the past month have been dismissed as something of throwaway lines, but should have gotten more attention. First was the term coined or at least restated by NCAA President Mark Emmert that student-athletes are “pre-professionals.” Second was Southern California athletics director Pat Haden encouraging schools to recognize and even embrace the professional aspirations of their student-athletes:

“The discussion was, ‘Hey, we’re kidding ourselves if we don’t believe in our heart that every one of these guys wants to go to the NFL or NBA,’ ” Haden said. “I have been one that often starts with a negative, to say, ‘Hey, your odds of going to the NFL are remote.’

“That’s not what they want to hear. If they’re going to trust us … we’re going to have to think how they think.”

It’s not the complete 180-degree turn to professional student-athletes that many find the only fair system of intercollegiate athletics. But it shouldn’t be downplayed that the president of the NCAA is using the word “professional” in any way to describe student-athletes, prefixes or not. Meanwhile, faced with the most difficult environment for operating anything amateur in the country, USC’s Haden figured out carrots can be used, in addition to the normal sticks.

Focusing on the small fraction of the 400,000 student-athletes that will go pro in sports puts the NCAA’s mission in somewhat different light. While it seems hypocritical for President Emmert to call student-athletes pre-professionals then repeat his loathing of the idea of paying student-athletes, the two ideas can be reconciled quite easily. There are a group of student-athletes who will become professional athletes. But not yet. The NCAA’s educational mission is fulfilled by preparing them to make this transition. But the NCAA’s amateur nature prevents the preparation from including schools providing a salary to student-athletes.

As an aside, Emmert’s “not on my watch” stance against paying student-athletes is as much a statement of personal philosophy as it is recognition of inescapable fact. If the NCAA is a professional sports organization, the Association will have changed a great deal. It’s unlikely that organization will still be led by someone whose primary experience is in higher education administration.

The goal then is not to professionalize student-athletes, but to prepare them to become professionals. An essential part of preparing student-athletes (or students for that matter) to become professionals is to provide them with a way out of college into professional life. This is one area that needs attention by the NCAA membership.

The NCAA’s amateurism rules are about choice. Whenever a regulation is added to Bylaw 12 that makes it an amateurism violation to do something, a question must be asked. Is the activity good enough evidence that an amateur athlete is deciding to give up their amateur status? Until the NCAA makes widespread use of foolproof polygraph tests (unlikely in the foreseeable future), documentable facts need to drive the determination of who is and isn’t an amateur.

This theory has long underpinned Bylaw 12.2.4.2:

Bylaw 12.2.4.2 – Draft List.
After initial full-time collegiate enrollment, an individual loses amateur status in a particular sport when the individual asks to be placed on the draft list or supplemental draft list of a professional league in that sport, even though: (Revised: 4/25/02 effective 8/1/02)

  1. The individual asks that his or her name be withdrawn from the draft list prior to the actual draft;
  2. The individual’s name remains on the list but he or she is not drafted; or
  3. The individual is drafted but does not sign an agreement with any professional athletics team.

Bylaw 12.2.4.2 is then softened through a number of exceptions that essentially allow a student-athlete to enter a draft once during their career, so long as they remove themselves shortly thereafter.

It’s the word “asks” that creates many of the problems with the NCAA’s approach to professional drafts. The NBA and NFL require student-athletes with eligibility remaining to declare for the draft. This arises partially from the origins of underclassmen entering the NBA draft, when they had to demonstrate “hardship” to the league office.

Major League Baseball on the other hand doesn’t require that you “ask” to be in the draft. If you meet MLB’s draft eligibility rules, you are available for selection. The fact that being drafted by an MLB team is not an amateurism violation makes sense. Otherwise MLB teams could ruin the amateur status of student-athletes without any action by the student-athlete.

It’s what happens next in baseball that creates problems. After being drafted, student-athletes attempt to negotiate a professional contract. They often hire professional advisors to assist in this process. These advisors are almost always agents acting in an advising capacity, with fee structures identical to player representation agreements.

Major League Soccer further breaks the logic by flipping the draft and the negotiation in the league’s single-entity structure. Underclassmen first attempt to negotiate a contract, and if successful they are entered into the available player pool in the MLS SuperDraft.

To summarize, it is a violation to go through a draft if you decided you want to be in it. But it isn’t a violation in some cases if you are drafted and then attempt to negotiate the greatest possible compensation for your athletic skills. And it isn’t a violation to attempt that negotiation in order to enter the draft.

The fact that this is unfair to some student-athletes is secondary. Most important is that entering a professional draft is not sufficient evidence that you want to give up your collegiate eligibility. Entering a draft and deciding any contract offered would not be worth leaving college is no more or less an indication of a student-athlete’s intent to professionalize themselves than deciding a contract offer is not sufficient to leave college and enter the draft in the first place.

In essence, the draft rules are not performing the function that every amateurism rule must perform. They are not giving us good enough evidence that a student-athlete has decided to give up their eligibility. Drafts should be treated as the logical conclusion of inquiring about a student-athlete’s market value, a process permitted by Bylaw 12.2.4.1.

Arguments against the NCAA’s draft rules and efforts to strengthen them like Proposal 2010-24 center around making sure that student-athletes have sufficient information to decide when to drop the “pre” from “pre-professional.” And that’s a valid and important concern. But more important is ensuring that student-athletes know what actions will cause them to lose their amateur status and ensuring that those actions are well-grounded in basic NCAA principles.

The opinions expressed on this blog are the author’s and the author’s alone, and are not endorsed by the NCAA or any NCAA member institution or conference. This blog is not a substitute for a compliance office.

About John Infante

The opinions expressed on this blog are the author’s and the author’s alone, and are not endorsed by the NCAA or any NCAA member institution or conference. This blog is not a substitute for a compliance office. If you’re a coach, do not attempt to contact the author looking for a second opinion. If you’re a parent, don’t attempt to contact the author looking for a first opinion. Compliance professionals are by their nature helpful people generally dedicated to getting to the truth. Coaches should have a bit of faith in their own, and parents should talk to one directly.

Week in review: Feb. 7-11

Take a deep breath. After weeks of big events and controversy, the Feb. 7-11 period was a relatively calm one.

Half empty or half empty? Doug Lederman of Inside Higher Ed counted the number of Division I infractions cases over the last decade and found that almost half of Division I’s Football Bowl Subdivision had been found guilty of major violations.

Bad apples or more? (Inside Higher Ed)

The main questions in the story:

  • What does it mean?
  • What’s causing such a seemingly high frequency?

It’s an intriguing article, but additional context might be useful.

First, readers may want to consider the heads-I-win, tails-you-lose premise. If the number were lower, the story angle could be that enforcement is lax. If it were higher, it could indicate greater corruption. In fact, there’s no way to know whether 65 major cases involving 53 institutions over a decade is high or low or just right.

Much of the story discussed pressures brought on by the juxtaposition of more permissive NCAA initial-eligibility standards and efforts to avoid Academic Progress Rate sanctions.

“(Former Division I Committee on Infractions chair Gene) Marsh thinks that increase can be attributed, in part, to the NCAA’s decision early in the decade to eliminate the minimum cutoff score athletes needed to be eligible to play as freshmen,” Lederman wrote. “When combined with the Academic Progress Rate system the association instituted in 2003 − which imposes potentially serious penalties on teams whose athletes don’t stay on track toward graduation − those changes have been perceived as pushing more athletes into less academically-demanding majors and could lead officials to ‘focus on eligibility… What can we do to keep this kid eligible for one more fall semester?’ ”

An accompanying op-ed piece from University of Oklahoma academic advisor Gerald Gurney supported that assertion:

Toughen NCAA standards for freshmen (Gerald Gurney, Inside Higher Ed)

The concept is seductive, but does it hold together?

First, the percentage of qualifiers who would not have met the previous cut score is small (less than 3 percent each year). Further, research indicates that their grade-point average is a far greater predictor of their academic outcome than their test score. That is to say, the small number of current student-athletes who qualified below the old standardized cut level had outcomes about the same as those who had just met the previous cut level.

The decision to eliminate the cut was made to more accurately predict success of athletes by placing more weight on high school performance and also to eliminate disparate impact associated with using a test-score cut. There is evidence that those goals have been met under the new rules.

It’s also worth noting the absence of any data linking student-athletes in the no-cut cohort to NCAA infractions cases.

(By the way, the Division I Academic Cabinet discussed fraud at its meeting this week and heard about an internal staff group that will examine the issue. The key questions involve what interest, if any, the NCAA has in dealing with student-athletes who commit academic fraud without athletics department involvement and also what constitutes “too much help.”)

The Inside Higher Ed story does refute the oft-repeated notion that the NCAA often looks the other way when it comes to prominent programs. In fact, the study revealed that more schools from the Big Ten had been penalized over the last decade than any other conference. The Big 12, Southeastern and Pac-10 were next in line.

Good story, bad quote. Future engineers, aspiring architects, 4.0 students … the incoming Stanford class of student-athletes excels not only on the field but in the classroom.

Stanford corners the ‘smart’ market (Wall Street Journal)

Good for Stanford, and good for these young men. They’re an excellent fit.

Unfortunately, one part of the story focused less on Stanford than on misplaced priorities:

“ ‘Ninety-nine percent of people gave up the farce of the student-athlete long, long ago,” said Scott Kennedy, the director of scouting at Scout.com, a recruiting site. ‘It’s a business. It’s great that these kids are so smart and great football players, but no one is paying to watch them debate. They’re watching them play football.’ ”

Ugh.

Many fans truly don’t care if college athletes are educated or not; they just want to be entertained. Does that somehow mean that educating the students is unimportant or farcical?

The Division I structure likely spends more time on academic issues than on any other topic. Here’s a listing of committees with academically related questions on their agendas in recent months:

  • Academic Cabinet
  • Committee on Academic Performance
  • Board of Directors
  • Football Academic Working Group
  • Men’s Basketball Academic Enhancement Group
  • Baseball Academic Working Group
  • Leadership Council
  • Legislative Council
  • Awards, Benefits, Expenses and Financial Aid Cabinet
  • Recruiting and Athletics Personnel Issues Cabinet
  • Amateurism Cabinet
  • Administration Cabinet
  • Committee on Infractions
  • Committee on Athletics Certification
  • Initial-Eligibility Waivers and Progress-Toward-Degree Waivers Committees
  • Student-Athlete Advisory Committee

Critics can snipe at the bureaucracy if they like, but college presidents, educators and athletics administrators clearly understand that college sports hinges on an ongoing commitment to education. Without it, college athletics would justifiably cease to exist.

For more information about student-athlete academic performance, click here.

The sad case of Art Schlichter. Last week, I mentioned the under-recognized human toll of compulsive gambling. This week, former Ohio State quarterback Art Schlichter was back in the news, illustrating just how haywire a life can go:

Former Buckeye Schlichter suspect in probe (Columbus Dispatch)

Woman says she considered suicide after involvement in Schlichter scheme (Columbus Dispatch)

The story said that Schlichter has spent time in 44 jails or prisons (!) since 1994. The Columbus Dispatch reported that he is now under investigation for soliciting investment money and then using the cash to make six-figure bets.

To repeat: Compulsive gambling is a dangerous emotional disorder. If you believe you have a problem, please call (800) 522-4700.

Collegiality at its best. The Mineral (West Virginia) Daily News-Tribune recently provided an editorial “faceoff” about whether college athletes should be paid. Neither writer favored pay-for-play. Who says a faceoff has to have a winner and a loser? They can both be right.

Faceoff: Should major-college athletes be paid? [Mineral (West Virginia) Daily News-Tribune]

A citizen journalist for the Detroit Free Press also took a pass at the subject:

Reader column: Why it would be next to impossible to pay college athletes (Mark Neimi, Detroit Free Press)

Conference shuffle news. Conference alignments made some fresh headlines, this time in Division I and II.

Ohio Valley Conference seeks information on UNA athletics [Florence (Ala.) Times Daily]

North Alabama mulling over jump to NCAA Division I athletics (Alabama Live)

Lambuth not out of GSC membership process [Jackson (Tenn.) Sun]

RMAC trying to gauge interest for expansion (Rapid City Journal)

Agents of change? There was a lot of talk, and some action, this week about how to deal with agents:

USC’s Pat Haden says schools have to understand professional aspirations of its athletes (Los Angeles Times)

USC hosts agents summit (ESPN)

Ark. panel recommends stiff penalties for agents (Associated Press)

Eight states looking to strengthen agent oversight (Associated Press)

USC administrators talk agent summit (ESPN)

General Assembly should look at scholarship lengths for all athletes (Richmond Times-Dispatch)

Emory Bellard. Thursday brought the sad news that former Texas A&M coach Emory Bellard had died.

Emory Bellard, creator of wishbone offense, dies at 83 (New York Times)

S.A. Aggies recall fond memories of playing for Bellard (David Flores, Kens5.com)

Bellard coached highly successful teams at Texas A&M during the 1970s, fielding a couple of squads that flirted with national championships. Oddly, though, he was best-known for his role as an assistant at Texas when he partnered in 1968 with Darrell Royal to develop what became known as the wishbone offense.

The wishbone later became regarded as a conservative attack, but in its early days, it was enormously entertaining, at least if you were on the winning side. Quarterbacks became like magicians as they made their reads. Pitches flew all over the place – even 20 yards down the field as long as the trailing back had maintained position.

The numbers that Texas posted during that period still pass the “wow” test:

  • 611 yards rushing against SMU in 1969 (school record)
  • 90 rushing plays against Arkansas in 1970 (school record)
  • 3,745 rushing yards in 10 games in 1970 (school record, even though most seasons since have had 11 or 12 games)

One little-known fact: Bellard returned to his high school roots after finishing his college career at Mississippi State, coaching a team in suburban Houston for six years. The guy just loved to coach, which translated to respect from his players.

“He truly was one of the classiest individuals I’ve ever met in my entire life,” said Tony Franklin, a record-setting kicker from the A&M days. “When you look up the word ‘class’ in the dictionary, you’ll find his picture by it. He was a gentleman, one of the nicest, most personable men you’d ever want to meet. At the same time, he had a dogged determination and had a steel edge. But all he wanted was what was best for his players.”

The Glaring Omission in the Local Sports Club Rule

When everyone flipped out about Isiah Thomas working for the New York Knicks as a consultant while coaching Florida International, most in the compliance industry yawned. College coaches work with professional teams all the time. Semi-pro leagues like the PDL couldn’t exist with college coaches working in the summer.

The problem, everyone said, was “conflict of interest” and “competitive advantage”. How can FIU know whether Thomas is looking out for the interests of the Golden Panthers or the Knicks when a student-athlete is deciding whether to stay or go pro? And won’t Thomas clean up on the recruiting trail by pitching prospective student-athletes on Florida International as a virtual farm team for the NBA club?

The teeth gnashing over Thomas working with a professional team was a giant overreaction considering that those two concerns, conflict of interest and competitive advantage, are much greater when you go down the chain from college, not up. And that’s allowed by one of the more curious NCAA bylaws, the local sports club rule:

Bylaw 13.11.2.3 – Local Sports Clubs.
In sports other than basketball, an institution’s coach may be involved in any capacity (e.g., as a participant, administrator or in instructional or coaching activities) in the same sport for a local sports club or organization located in the institution’s home community, provided all prospective student-athletes participating in said activities are legal residents of the area (within a 50-mile radius of the institution). In all sports, an institution’s coach may be involved in any capacity (e.g., as a participant, administrator or in instructional or coaching activities) in a sport other than the coach’s sport for a local sports club or organization located in the institution’s home community, provided all prospective student-athletes participating in said activities are legal residents of the area (within a 50-mile radius of the institution). Further, in club teams involving multiple teams or multiple sports, the 50-mile radius is applicable only to the team with which the institution’s coach is involved; however, it is not permissible for the coach to assign a prospective student-athlete who lives outside the 50-mile area to another coach of the club. A coach also may be involved in activities with individuals who are not of a prospective student-athlete age, regardless of where such individuals reside. (In women’s volleyball, see Bylaw 13.1.7.12 for regulations relating to a coach’s involvement with a local sports club and the permissible number of evaluation days.) (Revised: 1/10/90, 1/16/93, 9/6/00, 4/25/02 effective 8/1/02, 5/11/05)

So before getting worked up about a coach potentially having the interests of a professional team on their mind, realize that in many sports, coaches have the interests of their college in mind while acting as club coaches for prospects.

Once you read the first four words of Bylaw 13.11.2.3, you could probably guess the next three. But two of those are missing: “football and”. Why is this a big deal? Because while high school coaches have held the reins of power in football for quite some time, that sport is joining all the others where club coaches are at worst equals when it comes to influence over a prospect:

It’s no longer a question of if youth football will mirror youth basketball. It’s a question of when. At some point in the next few years, the experience of an elite skill position player will be almost identical to the experience of an elite point guard or power forward.

That experience could be different in one critical way under current NCAA rules. Right now, it is legal for a college coach to operate a 7-on-7 travel team as long as all the players live within 50 miles of the campus.

The implications for this are huge. Programs like the University of Southern California or the University of Miami could build virtual minor leagues of local skill players, farming the large and talent rich populations right in their backyards. And while programs in rural areas might not get the same benefit in terms of local talent, it can extend your recruiting ranks. Your graduate assistant and director of operations can’t recruit. But they can go coach prospects.

There’s a legitimate argument that the local sports club rule is outdated, harkening back to a time when high schools ruled recruiting and there weren’t enough qualified coaches in most sports. Perhaps the rule should be abolished entirely. But to prevent this exception from turning the rules on their head, football needs to join basketball as off limits.

The opinions expressed on this blog are the author’s and the author’s alone, and are not endorsed by the NCAA or any NCAA member institution or conference. This blog is not a substitute for a compliance office.

About John Infante

The opinions expressed on this blog are the author’s and the author’s alone, and are not endorsed by the NCAA or any NCAA member institution or conference. This blog is not a substitute for a compliance office. If you’re a coach, do not attempt to contact the author looking for a second opinion. If you’re a parent, don’t attempt to contact the author looking for a first opinion. Compliance professionals are by their nature helpful people generally dedicated to getting to the truth. Coaches should have a bit of faith in their own, and parents should talk to one directly.

Week in review: Jan. 31-Feb. 4

Where is the line between constructive off-season interest in college football and the excess of National Signing Day? As always, the first Wednesday in February was like Christmas for the recruiting-obsessed. For the national media, however, it was an opportunity to probe recruiting issues and practices.

The annual college football recruiting circus is out of control.

Sorry, but that’s how I feel.

Sadly, the only tool available to put this bulked-up genie back in the bottle is an appeal to common sense − a tactic with a low success rate.

Over the years, we have traded one set of recruiting-marketing excesses for another. Long ago, 17-year-old football recruits were paraded out at college basketball games before frenzied crowds that became delirious when the prospect committed on the spot to the home team. The 1980s brought comical (there’s no other word for it) moments, when kids reveled in their celebrity status by announcing college choices from hot tubs at exclusive hotels.

That stuff has been legislated away, which certainly is a change for the better. Nowadays, however, the excesses are institutional. The media, with generous complicity from the college football establishment, has taken recruiting marketing to new levels of excess.

Are there any answers to this? Certainly nothing can be done to stop media and entrepreneurs from marketing recruiting rankings. Nothing can be done to stop fans from being interested.

But colleges themselves can consider how much they should participate in the circus. That’s a hard ask, of course, since technology has made it easier for football programs to capitalize on the mania. Real-time signing-day updates are the norm, along with videostreams of coaches’ news conferences and a social-media blizzard that generates highly coveted web traffic.

That’s all true, but is it good? Many of the headlines from National Signing Day don’t exactly say “celebration of football”:

Elite athletes say many coaches stretch the truth in recruiting (Chronicle of Higher Education)

Florida president: Grayshirting is morally reprehensible practice (J. Bernard Machen, Sports Illustrated)

Floyd Raven signs with Texas A&M after mom sends letter to Mississippi (USA Today)

Recruit: ’Bama media tried to influence decision (SportsByBrooks)

Top recruit quits Facebook following ‘living nightmare’ (Yahoo Sports)

Saban defends practices of oversigning and grayshirting (Birmingham News)

Here’s one recruiting evil the NCAA can fix (Michael Rosenberg, Detroit Free Press)

Grayshirting still an issue in recruiting (Orlando Sentinel)

Colleges skirt recruiting rules by signing too many [The Tennessean (Nashville)]

The Big Ten’s take on oversigning, Part I (ESPN)

The Big Ten’s take on oversigning, Part II (ESPN)

Rules fail to curb schools from oversigning football players (USA Today)

SEC school complains about Alabama web cam (Associated Press)

Other headlines were more benign:

For top college recruits, a day no longer set in stone (New York Times)

In college football recruiting, the star player is the fax machine (Wall Street Journal)

More stars consider beginning college early (Indianapolis Star)

Sometimes best recruits are the ones you keep (Dennis Dodd, CBSSports.com)

Signature moment (NCAA.org)

The human toll of gambling. So much attention focuses on the corruptive effects of sports gambling (that is, the betrayal of teammates or the public’s loss of faith in the competition itself) that people often overlook the broader human consequences. Kudos to the Orlando Sentinel’s Gary Taylor for taking a look at the many who are unable to control their betting behaviors during the one-two punch of the Super Bowl and March Madness.

For compulsive gamblers, Super Bowl outcome could be life or death (Orlando Sentinel)

From the story: “Statistics from calls placed to the statewide Gambling Helpline … show 83 percent of gamblers are affected by depression and 81 percent are experiencing anxiety. Suicidal thoughts and/or attempts were confirmed in 11 percent of those who called, and it is estimated that one out of every five pathological gamblers will attempt suicide.”

Let’s put some meat on those bones.

The National Council on Problem Gambling says that 1 percent of all Americans – about 3 million people – meet the definition of a pathological gambler. If one in five attempt suicide, as the Orlando article claims … well, you can do the math.

Compulsive gambling is often hidden from view. There is no boozy odor. There’s no altered behavior. There’s just a hole that gets deeper and deeper.

The experts say that if you believe you may have a gambling problem, you probably do. Gamblers Anonymous provides a test for those who need guidance.

If you decide you need help, please call the National Council on Problem Gambling hotline at (800) 522-4700.

Meanwhile, the gambling industry contemplates ways to throw gas on the fire.

Betting revolution sweeps Vegas’ gaming industry (Yahoo Sports)

Care and fee-ing. A recent report about athletics spending gained some media traction.

Ignorance is not bliss regarding spending on athletics (Richard Vedder, Chronicle of Higher Education)

Student fees that go to sports get scrutiny (Wall Street Journal)

Study: Students are unaware of where fees go (USA Today)

First, the Chronicle should do a better job of clarifying opinion content on its website. The breadcrumbs reveal that the article rests in the “Opinions & Ideas” section, but there’s no explanation of who the author is or that the Drake Group (a group critical of high-level athletics) performed the study. Readers need that kind of information to determine perspective.

As for the study itself, readers may want to consider the following thoughts:

  • Student fees vary from campus to campus, and the amounts allocated to athletics are quite different depending on the institution.
  • The study surveyed 1,000 students at one institution through the Internet.
  • The authors implied that athletics is “crowding out” other higher education activities by taking more and more money. Spending on college athletics makes up only about 5 percent of institutional spending and has stayed near that rate for several years.
  • The setting of student fees is an institutional issue, and in many cases, students themselves approve the fees. In all cases, the fees are approved by the trustees of the college or university.

Smaller ball for all? College baseball season begins this month, and the new bat-performance standards are drawing attention:

New bat rule means fewer college HRs (Charleston, S.C., Post and Courier)

LSU baseball team isn’t fazed by new players, bats (New Orleans Times Picayune)

Iowa follow-up. Some additional stories on last week’s football off-season training incident at Iowa:

S. Carolina swimmers had disorder affecting Iowa football players (Associated Press)

All Iowa football players out of hospital (ESPN)

A preventable danger for athletes (Inside Higher Ed)

Hospitalization controversy not affecting recruits (Daily Iowan)

Hospital firing 3 over Hawkeyes’ records (Associated Press)

Vive la difference – not. In Divisions II and III, men’s and women’s basketball games often are played back to back as teams consolidate their travel to save money. Last year, a Title IX complaint challenged Division II’s Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletics Conference, claiming that the sequencing of the games (women’s game usually first) violated Title IX. Now the order of the games has been reversed – and administrators say crowds have become smaller.

GLIAC college basketball crowds dwindle between men’s and women’s games (Grand Rapids Press)

Art of the matter. The Los Angeles Times recently posited the following:

USC art exhibition raises a question: Has any strong visual artist also been an accomplished athlete? (Los Angeles Times)

In fact, athlete-artists are more common than you might think. They are some of the most interesting student-athletes around, as illustrated in these two NCAA Champion magazine articles.

Artists’ statements (NCAA Champion magazine)

Drawing from scratch (NCAA Champion magazine)

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